爆走黑料

Valentina Kratasyuk, head of the Biophysics Department and the Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, SibFU, has been studying the glow of living organisms for many years. Scientists have put this amazing natural phenomenon at the service of man.

“Ultimately, the maximum task is to understand how toxicants found in various environments affect human health. After all, the enzymes used in our test systems are present in all living organisms, not only in insects or animals, but also in humans. It is impossible to experiment on humans for obvious reasons, but we were able to select for the test systems exactly that set of enzymes that, on the one hand, well fixes all kinds of contamination of the object, and on the other hand, most of these enzymes naturally live in each of us... Now this field seems very promising since it was possible to prove the ability of enzymatic tests to replace living organisms in biotesting complex natural environments.”

Natalia Kirichenko, senior researcher of the Laboratory of Biogeochemistry of Ecosystems, School of Ecology and Geography, studies butterflies, or rather micro-butterflies or micro-moths. But you should not confuse these microscopic butterflies with clothes moths. Micro-moths don’t crave for your fur coat, they are only concerned about woody plants, and less often about grassy ones. One of the major problems the researcher is dealing with is invasive species.

“Today, scientists pay special attention to the development of measures and approaches that will help to detect intruders at the earliest stages of their penetration into “foreign territory.”

Invaders can cause not only environmental, but also economic damage, and some even threaten human health. There are a number of common problems with these invasive species. Among them are the difficulties of identification and early detection of species, as well as the establishment of pathways of distribution.

In Russia, there are regulatory authorities which deal with the issues of alien species that are dangerous for agriculture and forestry. However, well-coordinated work does not always happen.”

Elena Litinskaia, senior lecturer of the Radio Engineering Department, School of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, works with antennas and microwave devices.

“I develop antennas for satellite communications and radio communications. This is all about navigation. I chose this specialization because of creativity lying in it. For me, the fact that I can do something, and it will work as I intended, is magical.

It is not a secret that there are many men and few women in physics. In our team, I am the only woman, apart from the accountants. But I would disagree that physics is not a woman’s science.”

Olga Dubrovskaia, assistant professor of the Department of Engineering Systems of Buildings and Structures, School of Engineering and Construction, is not only a good scientist, but also a talented manager. She navigated the team of the School through their difficult time. For Krasnoyarsk residents, she is better known as a researcher of Bionord de-icing solution.

Scientists of the School of Engineering and Construction studied the effect of the reagent on the road surface, curbs, adjacent absorbing surfaces, such as lawns, green spaces and natural forest parks, and also developed recommendations for the use of Bionord on the roads of Krasnoyarsk Territory.

“The mixture we investigated has a heterogeneous composition, so to predict the duration of action and the amount of the mixture was a challenge. We assessed the territory of Krasnoyarsk, took a total of 540 samples from the streets of different categories, and all samples were duplicated: we took the samples in early October, when the city starts applying the ice-melters, during the main part of winter, at the end of the season, and even after, when we measured the residual concentrations . In addition, the samples were ranked by the time of sampling.

Based on the research results, we have offered several basic recommendations. First of all, it was necessary to change the structure of the anti-icing solution and switch to a single multicomponent granule as well as to increase the amount of anti-corrosion additives for greater efficiency and environmental friendliness. It was also necessary to take measures to desalinate urban soils.”

Svetlana Saykova, professor of the Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Material Science, is well known to Krasnoyarsk journalists as she often brings light to various chemical processes for the media. One of the areas of her work is related to the diagnosis and therapy of cancers. A group of Russian scientists, which included Ms. Saykova, has developed a new method for producing hybrid nanoparticles based on nickel ferrite, which combine high magnetic permeability and biological inertness. When placed in an alternating magnetic field of a specific frequency, nanoparticles will heat up to the desired temperature, absorbing the energy of the electromagnetic field. Introduced into a patient's body, they will help destroy cancer cells at the earliest stages of this disease, without doing any harm.

“In the future, nanoparticles can also be used as vectors for targeted delivery of drugs and diagnostics. With the help of an external magnetic field, they can be easily directed to target organs and tissues, together with drug molecules on their surface. In combination with their low cost, this makes them promising for biomedical applications for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.”

Evgenia Slyusareva, professor of the Specialized Department of Photonics and Laser Technologies, School of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, is engaged in two key scientific areas— sensors based on semiconductor and organic phosphors and new functional materials based on structured biopolymers.

She once led a project to develop a biosorbent based on Siberian larch for cleaning rivers. Unfortunately, as a result of human economic activity, the surface waters of Krasnoyarsk Territory suffer from an increased content of phenols, petrochemicals, metal compounds (iron, copper, manganese, less often — cobalt, and nickel), so this sorbent is absolutely necessary.

“The new adsorbent is based on raw materials obtained from Siberian larch (Lárix sibírica). Chemical modification of the natural matrix makes it possible to obtain a water-soluble material (sulfated arabinogalactan) to create a polyelectrolyte complex — a purifier to combat the pollutants, which also helps to re-use the waste of timber industry. In addition to plant raw materials, the composition of the biosorbent will include chitosan, a component of animal origin.”

Aleksandra Sitnikova, assistant professor of the Department of Culture Studies, is also among scientific communicators. Journalists turn to her when they need to figure out the phenomenon of Korean cinema, or why sitcoms have become extremely popular all over the world, or what Chinese artists have done to become a little more understandable to the mass audience in the 21st century.

“From the 90s of the 20th century , Chinese, Korean and Japanese art have begun to occupy leading positions in the international art scene. I proceeded from the hypothesis that modern postmodern art of the late 20th — early 21st centuries and the visual language of visual art that emerged during this period, saturated with common universal symbols, contributed to the fact that the previously mysterious and incomprehensible foundations of the national culture of the East became open at the international level. This trend is clearly manifested in Chinese art, which, for centuries, was considered mysterious and exotic, and a hard nut to crack for representatives of the Western culture. We have identified five main methods by which artists make China's unique cultural codes understandable and accessible to the global world.”

Polina Senotrosova, senior researcher of the Laboratory of Archeology of Yenisei Siberia, School for the Humanities, would rather prefer the Podkamennaya Tunguska to the coast of the Black Sea, because archaeological expeditions are usually in the summer.

This summer, archaeologists of 爆走黑料 discovered traces of a Neolithic site on the territory of the Monastery of the Holy Dormition. The researchers managed to extract more than 6 thousand items, including various tools, arrowheads, scrapers for processing skins of fur animals, fragments of dishes, and stone jewelry.

According to Polina Senotrusova, the discovered site was a pleasant surprise for Krasnoyarsk scientists.

“You can unexpectedly find areas with ancient cultural layers, while digging a cultural object of the late 19th-early 20th centuries, for example, the summer house of the bishop of the Yenisei province. We retrieved things from a relatively recent past and then at greater depths discovered various stone tools and several fireplaces. It was a Neolithic site where people lived for a short time. They hunted, fished, cooked food, and curried animal skins. The finds proved us this. We also found some rare items of the Early Bronze Age, when the first metal items began to penetrate into the territory of theYenisei Siberia.”

Oksana Magirovskaia is a head of the Department of the Theory of German Languages and Intercultural Communication, School of Philology and Language Communication. She is also a member of the Russian Cognitive Linguists Association and chairwoman of the Krasnoyarsk Regional Branch of the Russian Cognitive Linguists Association. One of her research areas is regional variants of sign language.

She and her colleagues believe that sign language is not a universal language of communication for all deaf people. It can be national and even dialectical.

“It is important to understand that the regional Russian sign language has more pronounced degrees of differences than the Russian spoken language. This phenomenon has two reasons: the isolation and closed nature of the deaf communities in Russia, as well as vast territories of the country and, as a consequence, the significant remoteness of these people from each other.”.

Galina Rybakova, assistant professor of the School of Trade and Service, does a lot of amazing things together with her colleagues from the Department of Commodity Science and Examination of Goods. One of her research areas is enriching northerners’ diet with unusual ingredients. The experts believe that substances extracted from wormwood, ledum, and tansy can enrich foodstuffs and increase their nutritional value.

“It is not by chance that we chose wormwood, ledum and tansy, which have long been used for pharmaceutical purposes. The high biological activity of the components contained in them, the wide geographical distribution and availability of these plants, their unpretentiousness and rapid renewability make them extremely profitable. This raw material is cheap and can be used on an industrial scale, but it should definitely be collected in unpolluted places. These plants are considered medicinal for a reason. They contain potent components, an overdose of which can be dangerous to humans. We solved this problem by isolating the necessary substances from oil cakes which remain after extraction of medicinal sources. That is, all potentially dangerous potent contents have already been previously extracted from plant materials.”